- Branche: Earth science
- Number of terms: 93452
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Founded in 1941, the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM) is an international association representing the interests of professionals in surveying, mapping and communicating spatial data relating to the Earth's surface. Today, ACSM's members include more than 7,000 surveyors, ...
Measurement, simultaneously, of distances to or from fixed transmitters or receivers on the ground to receivers or transmitters, respectively, on a vehicle.
Industry:Earth science
A stereographic map projection from the sphere to the plane, as defined by the formulas <br>
Industry:Earth science
The compensation an investment company pays to the investment management company for its services. The average annual fee is about 0.5 percent of fund assets.
Industry:Earth science
One of the three space coordinates of any point imaged on an overlapping pair of photographs, which specify its location with respect to the air base. The model coordinates correspond, with respect to the location of the origin and the directions of the axes, to a spherical coordinate system in which an air base is the polar axis. One such system, suggested by Fourcade, can be defined as follows: origin - the left-hand air station; x-axis - the line of the air base to the right; z-axis - the line perpendicular to the x-axis in the basal plane containing the principal point of the left hand photograph; y-axis - the line forming a right handed, rectangular Cartesian coordinate system with the other two axes. (The ground is considered to be in the negative direction.)
Industry:Earth science
An equal-area map projection mapping all parallels of latitude into truly-spaced, parallel, straight lines along which exact scale is preserved. The equator is used as the standard parallel of latitude. The sinusoidal map-projection is also known as Mercator's equal area map projection and the Sanson-Flamsteed map projection. It was used in the Mercator-Hondius atlases as early as 1606 and may for this reason be called the Mercator-Sanson map-projection. It is improperly referred to as Flamsteed's map projection, modified Flamsteed's map-projection and Sanson's map-projection. It is a variant of the Bonne map-projection in that the equator is used as standard parallel of latitude, and a refinement of the Plate Carree map-projection in that the x-coordinates are corrected for convergence of the meridians. It is defined for the mapping of the sphere onto the plane by the formulas x = k R <sub>1</sub> Δλ cosφ and y = k R <sub>2</sub> φwhich x and y are the rectangular, Cartesian coordinates of that point, in the plane, which corresponds to the point, on the sphere, at longitude λ <sub>o</sub> + Δλ and latitude φ; λ <sub>o</sub> is the longitude of the central meridian. R <sub>1</sub> and R <sub>2</sub> are the radii of curvature along the parallel of latitude and along the meridian, respectively, and k is the scale factor. The corresponding formulae for transformation from the rotational ellipsoid to the plane are obtained by substituting N, the radius of curvature in the prime vertical, for R <sub>1</sub> and s, the length of arc corresponding to φ, for R <sub>2</sub> φ.
Industry:Earth science
A sheet (carrier or carrier sheet) of transparent material to which are affixed pieces (masks) of opaque material. It is placed over an unexposed emulsion and the combination exposed to uniform illumination. Those portions not covered by the masks are completely exposed (burnt out).
Industry:Earth science
A general term including astronomic, geocentric, and geodetic longitudes.
Industry:Earth science
A navigation system deriving location by determining the direction two or from two stations.
Industry:Earth science
A map projection producing a graticule having its center on the line representing the equator.
Industry:Earth science
The apparent brightness a celestial object would have, relative to a standard, if the object were at a distance of 10 parsecs. Designating the absolute magnitude by M, the apparent magnitude by m, and the distance, in parsecs, by d, the formula for absolute magnitude is M = m + 5 - 5 log d. The absolute brightness of the Sun is +4.87; its apparent magnitude is -26.7.
Industry:Earth science
